USNO Circular 163

Introduction:

This Circular describes the series of resolutions adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1976 and 1979 on astronomical constants, timescales, and the fundamental reference frame (FK5). These recommendations formed the basis for the reduction of astrometric observations (including those used for geodesy and Earth rotation measurements) and the computation of ephemerides from 1984 through at least 2002; they are the foundation for much software that is still in use. These resolutions provided a self-consistent and interrelated system of changes that were necessary to improve astronomical reference data at a time when new observational techniques and theories were revolutionizing many aspects of fundamental astronomy.

As presented herein, related resolutions have been grouped together for convenience. Each group of resolutions is accompanied by notes that offer brief explanations. The appendices provide additional tools for implementing these resolutions.

Note: These recommendations have been superceded by resolutions adopted by the IAU in 1997 and 2000. USNO Circular 179 (2005) describes the more recent resolutions and their implementation and effectively replaces Circular 163. Circular 163 may, however, be useful for those who are converting software from the old paradigm to the new.

Obtaining a Copy:

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• USNO Circular 163 PDF (3.5M)

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